Defining exactly what is and is not Anime has been a challenge from the start. The word 'Anime' is english, so is the concept of Anime as a genre. (the Japanese certainly do not group EVERY animated feature that is produced there into one genre) The word has been around since the eighties, but it did not gain popular usage until the mid-nineties when the term 'Japanimation' was removed from the lexicon after being declared offencive by the creators and fans of Japanese produced animation.
'Anime' is just short for 'Animation'
The biggest problem is that everyone has a different concept of just what Anime is.
A lot of hard-core fans beleive that it cannot be called Anime unless it is actually from Japan.
Some older fans agree, but add that it also has to fit a certain stylistic format. This particular style was developed in the late seventies and early eighties. The first film in this style to reach America as a dubbed feature was 'Akira', and untill the mid-nineties it was imposible to find Japanese animation dubbed into english unless it was in that same style, thus establishing the stereo-typical 'look' of anime. There were alot of (about 40) subtitled 'giant robot' seires released in America earlier, but these were not taken seriously by most fans of the art (although the American "Transformers" was heavily based on these).
In the early The popularity of a silly show called "Dragonball" (published here by FunImation studios) among children in the US prompted the dubbing of its sequel series "DragonballZ" by a little Huston studio called Pioneer (this is the same studio that dubbed Akira). This seires, while alreaty old hat in Japan, was like a miniature revolution of animation in the english and spanish speaking world. It was the first time that we got a some more mature animation from Japan that was in seires form so that it could be shown on television instead of just being sold on VHS. They dubbed the first season as an experiment. The series was picked up by Cartoon Network on the condition that the execive blood be recolored as sweat and soot. Cartoon Network showed the series late at night, and it was moderatly succesful. They showed the same season over again about five times while the show picked up more veiwers. Soon, Pioneer embarked on the lofty mission of dubbing the rest of the series, to the imence delight of the fans. Cartoon Network became instrumental in the popularising of anime when they established Toonami, a several hour program of anime in the afternoon. They started buying up almost every anime series that someone was willing to dubb, and that was relatively clean. Most of it came from Pioneer, FunImation, and Sunshine Studios.
The confusion started when American studios started to make their own more mature animation, and the styles comming out of Japan started to look very similar. It wasen't that one was definetly copying the other, it was that both began moving toward the same final destination. Even thematicaly the styles started to become more similar (although neither the hardcore pornography anime, nor the hardcore violent anime ever caught on with american studios).
I'm not sure where I was going with that anymore...
Anyway, here's the thing: Webster tells us that an anime is "a style of animation originating in Japan that is characterized by stark colorful graphics depicting vibrant characters in action-filled plots often with fantastic or futuristic themes."
If we use that definition, then such stark colorful fantastic stories, like our American comic-book style stuff is anime. But then again, some dark Japanese stuff, like Boogiepop would not be anime.
So, hopefully you see the difficulty here...